In a letter written a month later from North Carolina, Nelson Allyn described the retaliation against African Americans: In the days following the attack, 3000 soldiers, militia men, and vigilantes killed more than one hundred suspected rebels. They captured or killed most of the insurgents, although Turner himself managed to avoid capture for sixty days.Įven though Turner and his followers had been stopped, panic spread across the region. The local authorities stopped the uprising by dawn the next day. Proslavery advocates attempted to claim that English factory workers suffered a worse “slavery” than enslaved Africans and African Americans in the American South.In the early hours of August 22, 1831, a slave named Nat Turner led more than fifty followers in a bloody revolt in Southampton, Virginia, killing nearly 60 white people, mostly women and children. This proslavery image ignorantly portrays enslaved people who, according to white observers, were cheerful and pleased with their bondage. But proslavery supporters also drew transatlantic comparisons. In this painting, Crowe depicts an enslaved man, several women, and children waiting to be sold at auction.Įuropean alliances helped the American antislavery movement. He was particularly shocked to see the horrors of a slave market where families were torn apart by sale. The English painter Eyre Crowe traveled through the American South in the early 1850s. Painting of Enslaved Persons for Sale, 1861 Aldert Smedes of Raleigh, North Carolina, praises the virtues of women and explains the duties of a Christian woman. The Market Revolution brought a hardening of gender roles in both the North and the South, but the South tended to hold more tightly to the expectation of “separate spheres.” In this sermon, Rev. Sermon on the Duties of a Christian Woman, 1851 His study Sociology for the South attacked northern society as corrupt and slavery as a gentle system designed to “protect” the inferior black race and promote social harmony. George Fitzhugh offered one of the most consistent and sophisticated defenses of slavery. George Fitzhugh Argues that Slavery is Better than Liberty and Equality, 1854Īs the nineteenth century progressed, some Americans shifted their understanding of slavery from a necessary evil to a positive good. This excerpt describes the horrors he saw in a slave market. Shortly thereafter, he published a narrative of his experiences as a slave. After twelve years, he was rescued and returned to his family. Solomon Northup was a free black man in New York who was captured and sold into slavery. Solomon Northup Describes a Slave Market, 1841 In this excerpt Jacobs explains her experience struggling with sexual assault from her master. After escaping to New York, Jacobs eventually wrote a narrative of her enslavement under the pseudonym of Linda Brent. Harriet Jacobs was born into slavery in North Carolina. While he awaited trial, Turner spoke with the white attorney, Thomas Ruffin Gray, who wrote their conversations into the following document. Nat Turner understood his rebellion as an act of God. In August, 1831, Nat Turner led a group of enslaved and free black men in a rebellion that killed over fifty white men, women, and children.
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